Canker sores (aphthous ulcers) affect approximately 25% of the population, making them one of the most common oral health conditions. These small but painful ulcers, which develop on the soft tissues inside the mouth, can significantly impact daily activities like eating and speaking. While they typically resolve independently within one to two weeks, proper understanding and treatment can substantially reduce both healing time and discomfort.
Unlike cold sores, canker sores are non-contagious lesions that occur strictly inside the mouth. This evidence-based guide provides comprehensive information about their causes, treatment options, and prevention strategies, helping you manage current outbreaks and reduce their future occurrence.
What Are Canker Sores?
Canker sores are shallow ulcers that can appear on the soft tissues inside your mouth, such as cheeks, lips, and tongue. They are distinct from cold sores or fever blisters, which occur outside the mouth and are caused by the herpes virus.
The exact cause of canker sores is not fully understood, but several factors contribute to their development. These include:
- Stress
- Physical trauma (such as biting the inside of your cheek)
- Certain foods, especially spicy, acidic, and salty foods
Physical Characteristics
- White or yellowish center
- Red, inflamed border
- Usually less than 1 centimeter in diameter
- Can occur singly or in clusters
- It may feel like a small crater in your mouth
Location
Most commonly appear on:
- Inner cheeks
- Inside of lips
- Sides or underside of the tongue
- Soft palate
- Floor of mouth
- Base of gums
Types of Canker Sores
| Type | Size | Frequency | Healing Time | Characteristics | Common Demographics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minor Aphthous Ulcers | 2-8 mm | 80-85% of cases | 7-14 days | • Round/oval shape • Shallow • No scarring | Most common in ages 10-40 |
| Major Aphthous Ulcers | >1 cm | 10-15% of cases | 2-6 weeks | • Deep ulcers • Painful • Can leave scars | More common in adults |
| Herpetiform Ulcers | 1-3 mm each | 5-10% of cases | 7-30 days | • Clusters of 5-100 ulcers • Can merge together • Irregular edges | Most common in older adults |
Key Distinctions
- Not Contagious. Unlike cold sores, canker sores cannot spread through contact
- Internal Only. Always appear inside the mouth, never on the outside lips
- No Fluid-Filled Blisters. Present as ulcers, not blisters
- No Pre-Sore Tingling. Unlike cold sores, canker sores don’t usually have warning symptoms
How to Get Rid of a Canker Sore in 24 Hours?
Over-the-Counter Medications
Purchase over-the-counter topical treatments like numbing creams or gels specifically designed for mouth ulcers. These products usually contain active ingredients such as benzocaine or hydrogen peroxide to alleviate pain and discomfort temporarily. Applying these treatments directly to the sore several times a day can help numb the area, allowing you to eat and speak more comfortably.
Natural Remedies
A saltwater rinse is a simple yet efficient method for reducing canker sore pain. Dissolve about a teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water, swish it around your mouth for 15-30 seconds, and then spit it out. Similarly, applying a baking soda paste (made by mixing baking soda with a little water) directly onto the sore can help reduce inflammation and promote healing by neutralizing the acidic environment.
Cold Therapy
Apply a cold compress or an ice cube wrapped in a clean cloth directly to the affected area. The cold will numb the pain and reduce swelling, providing temporary relief from discomfort. This can be repeated several times a day, but avoid direct contact with the ice with your gums to prevent any tissue damage.
Antiseptic Mouthwash
Rinsing your mouth with an antiseptic mouthwash can help minimize bacterial growth in the mouth, reducing the risk of infection and irritation. Choose alcohol-free mouthwashes to prevent further dryness and irritation in the mouth. Regular use can not only provide relief but also promote a cleaner environment for the sore to heal.
Aloe Vera Gel
Aloe vera is well-known for its healing properties and can be used to soothe canker sore pain. Applying a small amount of pure aloe vera gel directly onto the sore may help decrease pain and speed up the healing process. This natural remedy can be reapplied several times a day as needed.
Honey
Honey is a natural anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent that can assist in healing canker sores. Dab a small amount of pure honey onto the sore using a clean fingertip or cotton swab, and allow it to sit on the area for several minutes before swallowing. Reapply this remedy two to three times a day to experience its soothing benefits.
Diet and Lifestyle Adjustments
Modify your diet to avoid potential triggers, such as acidic foods like citrus fruits and tomatoes or acidic fruit that can aggravate complex canker sores. Instead, choose bland foods that are gentle on your mouth. Maintaining oral hygiene is essential. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and toothpaste free from sodium lauryl sulfate to prevent irritation.
Boost Your Immune System
A vitamin deficiency might increase the risk of developing canker sores. One of the best ways of how to get rid of canker sores is to take supplements like vitamin B12 and folic acid can bolster your immune system and contribute to the healing process. Incorporate foods rich in these nutrients to aid in the speed of healing and reduce healing time.
When to See a Doctor
- Severe or Unusually Large Sores. If you develop canker sores that are especially large or exceptionally painful, it might be time to consult a healthcare professional. These could be classified as major canker sores, which may require medical intervention for efficient management.
- Frequent Recurrence. Experiencing more than four episodes of canker sores per year could show an underlying issue. A doctor can help identify potential triggers and offer treatment options to reduce their frequency.
- Duration Exceeding Two Weeks. If a canker sore persists for more than two weeks without showing signs of healing, it is advisable to seek medical advice. Prolonged ulcers can sometimes be indicative of more serious conditions.
- Accompanying Symptoms. If your canker sores are accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, swollen lymph nodes, or extreme fatigue, a healthcare evaluation is warranted. These symptoms may suggest an underlying systemic condition that needs further investigation.
- Difficulty Eating or Drinking. When canker sores significantly interfere with your ability to consume food or fluids, seeking medical assistance can prevent nutritional deficiencies. A doctor might provide specialized treatments to manage pain and improve your eating habits.
- History of Autoimmune Disorders. Individuals with existing autoimmune conditions may experience more persistent or severe canker sores. Consulting with a healthcare provider can help tailor a treatment plan that considers your health profile.
- Signs of Infection. If a sore shows signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus, prompt medical attention is necessary. An infected sore may require antibiotic treatment to prevent further complications.
Prevention Tips
- Manage Stress. Stress has been identified as a potential trigger for canker sores. Incorporate stress-relieving activities such as meditation, yoga, or regular exercise into your routine to help reduce the likelihood of occurrences.
- Watch Your Diet. Identify and avoid foods that trigger your canker sores, such as spicy, acidic, or salty foods. Opt for a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals to support your oral health and immune system.
- Maintain Good Oral Hygiene. Regularly brush and floss your teeth using a soft-bristled toothbrush to minimize irritation in your mouth. Choose a toothpaste free from sodium lauryl sulfate, which can aggravate mouth sores for some individuals.
- Stay Hydrated. Drinking plenty of water helps keep your mouth moist and can aid in the natural process of healing. Staying well-hydrated also supports your health, contributing to a stronger immune system.
- Use Mouth Protection. If you frequently develop sores from dental appliances like braces or dentures, consider using orthodontic wax or protective dental guards. These can help cushion and protect your mouth’s soft tissues from irritation.
- Regular Dental Check-Ups. Visit your dentist regularly to identify and manage potential irritants in your mouth. Receiving professional dental care can help uncover other underlying oral issues that could contribute to canker sore development.
- Avoid Smoking. Smoking can irritate the mouth’s lining, increasing the risk of canker sores. Quitting or reducing smoking can significantly benefit your oral health and help prevent the recurrence of ulcers.
- Identify Allergies. Be aware of any food allergies or sensitivities you might have, as they could contribute to the development of canker sores. Keeping a food diary may help pinpoint specific triggers and allow for better management of your diet.
Taking Control: Your Path to Better Oral Health With Mann Family Dental
By following these sore remedies, you can greatly reduce the discomfort and healing time of those bothersome mouth ulcers. However, if your mouth sores persist or worsen, it’s time to seek the advice of healthcare professionals and explore advanced treatments like laser therapy for pain relief. Remember, taking care of your oral health means taking care of yourself.
Why let pesky canker sores interrupt your daily life any longer? Discover expert advice and personalized treatments at Mann Family Dental. Our dedicated team is here to offer comprehensive oral care methods that focus on your comfort and well-being. At Mann Family Dental, we’re committed to treating the root causes of oral health issues so you can enjoy lasting relief and prevent future problems.
Call us today and discover why our patients trust us for their dental care needs. Let us help you navigate your journey to a healthier, pain-free smile.
